Igciwane lemonkeypox (MPXV), elibizwa kanjalo ngenxa yokutholwa kwalo okokuqala ezinkawini ezigcinwe endaweni yokucwaninga eDenmark, lihlobene eduze negciwane le-variola elibangela ingxibongo. Ibhekene nesifo semonkeypox (impoksi) esivele kancane kancane e-Afrika kulandela ukuqedwa kwengxibongo kanye nokuyekwa kokugonywa kwengxibongo. Inezigaba ezimbili: i-clade I kanye ne-clade II. I-clade II inezigatshana ezimbili. Ubhubhane lwango-2022 lubangelwa i-subclade IIb. Ukuqubuka okusheshayo kwango-Okthoba 2023 esifundeni saseKamituga e-DR Congo kwatholakala ukuthi kwasakazwa ngokuthintana ngokocansi futhi kwabangelwa uhlu oluhlukile lwe-MPXV Clade Ib yokudluliselwa komuntu kumuntu kwakamuva. Kube nokuqubuka kwamacala e-mpox e-DR Congo nakwamanye amazwe amaningi e-Afrika. Amazwe amaningi ase-Europe nawo abike ngokuqhubekayo isibalo sabantu abangenwe yi-monkeypox kusukela ngoMeyi 2022.
Uma kubhekwa ukuvela kwezinhlobo ezintsha ezinokusulelana okuphezulu kanye nokutheleleka ngegciwane, izifo eziwumshayabhuqe ezikhula ngokushesha kuwo wonke amazwe esifundeni, kanye nokuqina ezinganeni nakubantu abangenawo amandla omzimba, i-IHR (International Health Regulations, 2005) Emergency Committee, emhlanganweni wayo wokuqala owawungo- 14 Agasti 2024, kubhekwe ukuqubuka kweMpox njengesenzakalo esingavamile esenza ingozi yezempilo yomphakathi kwamanye amazwe ngokusakazeka kwezifo emhlabeni jikelele. Umcimbi onjalo udinga impendulo edidiyelwe yamazwe ngamazwe. IKomidi leluleke ngokuthi ukuqubuka kwamanje kwe-mpox kuhlangabezana nemibandela yesimo esiphuthumayo sezempilo yomphakathi sokukhathazeka kwamazwe ngamazwe (PHEIC).
Ngokunjalo, ukuqubuka kwe-mpox e-DR Congo nakwamanye amazwe ase-Afrika kwamenyezelwa njengesimo esiphuthumayo sezempilo yomphakathi esikhathaza amazwe ngamazwe (PHEIC) ngomhla ka-14 Agasti 2024. Umbiko womhlangano wokuqala we-Mpox IHR Emergency Committee 2024 usukhishwe yi-WHO.
Ukwelashwa kweMpox
Ngenxa yokuthi igciwane lemonkeypox (MPXV) lihlobene eduze nengxibongo, imithi yokwelapha ingxibongo ingase ibe usizo ekwelapheni izimo ze-mpox. Ngakho-ke, umuthi ovimbela amagciwane i-tecovirimat (noma i-TPOXX) owasungulwa futhi wavunyelwa ukwelapha ingxibongo ugunyazwe e-Europe nase-United Kingdom ukuze welaphe i-mpox. I-European Medicines Agency igunyaze i-tecovirimat yokwelashwa kwe-mpox ngoJanuwari 2022 ngaphansi kwezimo ezingavamile.
Ubufakazi kumongo we-mpox bulinganiselwe kakhulu yingakho ukusetshenziswa kwe-tecovirimat kuhambisana nokubhaliswa ocwaningweni lomtholampilo. E-USA, okwamanje iyatholakala ukuze uthole ukwelashwa kwe-mpox njengengxenye yocwaningo lomtholampilo.
Ukuphepha nokusebenza kwe-Tecovirimat njengokwelashwa kwe-mpox kusazosungulwa.
Ukuhlolwa Komtholampilo kwe-Tecovirimat (TPOXX) yokwelashwa kwe-Mpox
Uhlolo olungahleliwe, olulawulwa yi-placebo lwaqalwa ngo-Okthoba 2022 ukuze kuhlolwe ukuphepha nokusebenza kwesidakamizwa esilwa namagciwane i-tecovirimat kubantu abanemonkeypox e-DR Congo okuyizwe eligcwele i-mpox. Amacala angu-597 aqinisekisiwe e-mpox abhalisiwe futhi aphathwa ngokungahleliwe nge-tecovirimat noma i-placebo esibhedlela futhi aqashwe ukuze axazulule izimpawu ze-mpox.
Umphumela wokuqala wocwaningo uphakamisa ukuthi umuthi ongalwa namagciwane i-tecovirimat wawuphephile kubahlanganyeli bocwaningo. Ayizange ibangele imiphumela emibi ephawulekayo. Kodwa-ke, ayizange iphumelele ekunciphiseni ubude bezilonda ze-mpox nge-clade I mpox. Noma kunjalo, ukufa phakathi kwabahlanganyeli kwakungaphansi kokushona kwe-mpox kukonke e-DRC. Ukufa kwehlisiwe futhi izilonda zixazululwe ngokushesha kubahlanganyeli bocwaningo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bathola i-tecovirimat noma i-placebo. Lokhu kwaphakamisa umphumela wezempilo ongcono lapho ulaliswa esibhedlela futhi unikezwa ukunakekelwa okudingekayo.
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References:
- Ukukhishwa kwezindaba ze-WHO - Umhlangano wokuqala we-International Health Regulations (2005) Emergency Committee mayelana nokukhuphuka kwe-mpox 2024. Kuthunyelwe ngo-19 August 2024. Itholakala ku- https://www.who.int/news/item/19-08-2024-first-meeting-of-the-international-health-regulations-(2005)-emergency-committee-regarding-the-upsurge-of-mpox-2024
- I-WHO. Ukukhishwa kwezindaba - I-Mpox Q&A. Kuthunyelwe ngomhla ka-17 Agasti 2024. Itholakala e- https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/mpox
- I-CDC. I-Tecovirimat (TPOXX) yokwelashwa kwe-Mpox. Itholakala ngo https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/mpox/clinicians/tecovirimat-ea-ind.html
- I-NIH 2024. Ukukhishwa kwezindaba - I-antiviral tecovirimat iphephile kodwa ayizange ithuthuke ukulungiswa kwe-clade I mpox eDemocratic Republic of the Congo. Kuthunyelwe ngomhla ka-15 Agasti 2024. Itholakala e- https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/antiviral-tecovirimat-safe-did-not-improve-clade-i-mpox-resolution-democratic-republic-congo
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Izihloko ezihlobene:
Ukuqubuka Kwenkawu (Mpox) Kumemezele Isimo Esiphuthumayo Sezempilo Yomphakathi Sokukhathazeka Kwamazwe Ngamazwe (14 Agasti 2024)
Imithi yokugoma inkawu (Mpox): I-WHO iqala inqubo ye-EUL (10 Agasti 2024)
I-Virulent Strain of Monkeypox (MPXV) Sabalale Ngokuthintana Ngocansi (20 Ephreli 2024)
Izinhlobo ze-Monkeypox virus (MPXV) ezinikezwe amagama amasha (12 Agasti 2022)
Ngabe iMonkeypox izohamba ngendlela yeCorona? (I-23 Juni 2022)
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