Ukwanda kwe-mpox e-Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) nakwamanye amazwe amaningi e-Afrika kunqunywe yi-WHO ukuthi kube isimo esiphuthumayo sezempilo yomphakathi esikhathaza amazwe ngamazwe (PHEIC) ngaphansi kweMithethonqubo Yezempilo Yamazwe Ngamazwe (2005) (IHR).
IKomidi lochwepheshe libheke ukukhuphuka kwe-mpox njenge-PHEIC, enekhono lokusabalala emazweni amaningi e-Afrika futhi mhlawumbe nangaphandle kwezwekazi. USihlalo weKomidi uthe, “Ukwanda kwamanje kwe-mpox ezingxenyeni ezithile ze-Afrika, kanye nokusabalala kwegciwane elisha elithathelwana ngocansi lemonkeypox, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo, hhayi e-Afrika kuphela, kodwa embulungeni yonke. I-Mpox, edabuka e-Afrika, ayizange inakwe lapho, futhi kamuva yabangela ukuqubuka kwembulunga yonke ngo-2022. Sekuyisikhathi sokuthatha isinyathelo esiwujuqu ukuvimbela umlando ukuba ungaziphindaphindi."
Phambilini, ngoJulayi 2022, ukuqubuka kwe-mpox emazweni amaningi kwamenyezelwa njenge-PHEIC njengoba isakazeka ngokushesha ngocansi emazweni amaningi. Kodwa-ke, imenyezelwe ukuthi iphelile ngoMeyi 2023 kulandela ukwehla okuqhubekayo kwamacala.
Ukuvela nokusabalala okusheshayo kohlobo olusha lwe-'clade 1b' e-DRC ngonyaka odlule, olwasabalala ikakhulukazi ngokuthintana nocansi, futhi ukutholakala kwalo emazweni angomakhelwane kuphathelene, futhi kungesinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zokumenyezelwa kwe-PHEIC. Ngenyanga edlule, amacala angaphezu kwe-100 aqinisekisiwe elabhorethri e-clade 1b abikwe eBurundi, Kenya, Rwanda nase-Uganda angakaze abike i-pox ngaphambili.
Ngesonto eledlule, i-WHO iqale inqubo Yokufakwa ohlwini Kwezimo Eziphuthumayo (EUL) yemithi yokugomela i-mpox. Lokhu kulindeleke ukuthi kusheshise ukufinyelela komgomo emazweni anemali engenayo ephansi angakazikhiphi ezawo imvume yokulawula kazwelonke.
Imithi yokugoma emibili okwamanje esetshenziselwa i-mpox inconywa yi-WHO. Kubantu abadala abanempilo, okungaphindi (MVA-BN), ukuphindaphinda kancane (LC 16) noma ukuphindaphinda imigomo esekelwe kumgomo (ACAM2000) ifanelekile. I-MVA-BN umuthi wokugomela i-mpox wesizukulwane sesithathu osetshenziswa njengomjovo wemithamo emibili ngaphansi kwesikhumba onikezwa okungenani ngokuhlukana kwamaviki ama-3. Kokubili imithamo engu-4 no-1 ye-MVA-BN iphumelela kakhulu ekuvimbeleni i-mpox. I-LC2 kanye ne-ACAM16 umuthi wokugomela i-mpox womthamo owodwa.
I-Mpox yisifo esithathelwana ngegciwane esidluliselwa kubantu ngokuthintana ngokomzimba nabantu abanaleli gciwane, noma ngezinto ezingcolile, noma nezilwane ezithelelekile. Ibangelwa igciwane lemonkeypox (MPXV) okuyigciwane le-DNA elinemicu ephindwe kabili eliyingxenye yohlobo lwe-Orthopoxvirus kanye ne-vaccinia virus (VACV) kanye ne-variola virus (VARV).
Igciwane lemonkeypox (MPXV) lihlobene eduze nengxibongo, igciwane elibulala kakhulu emlandweni elibangela ukucekelwa phansi okungenakuqhathaniswa kwenani labantu emakhulwini eminyaka adlule. Ngokuqedwa okuphelele kanye nokumiswa okwalandela kohlelo lokugomela ingxibongo (olwalunikeze isivikelo esithile ngokumelene negciwane lemonkeypox), inani labantu elikhona manje linamazinga anciphe kakhulu okugomela leli qembu lamagciwane. Lokhu kuchaza ngokufanele ukwanda nokusabalala kwamanje kwegciwane lemonkeypox elivela ezindaweni ezihlala kulo e-Afrika.
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References:
- Izindaba ze-WHO - UMqondisi-Jikelele we-WHO umemezela ukuqubuka kwe-pox njengesimo esiphuthumayo sezempilo yomphakathi esikhathaza umhlaba wonke. Kuthunyelwe ngomhla ka-14 Agasti 2024. Itholakala e- https://www.who.int/news/item/14-08-2024-who-director-general-declares-mpox-outbreak-a-public-health-emergency-of-international-concern
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Izihloko ezihlobene:
Imithi yokugoma inkawu (Mpox): I-WHO iqala inqubo ye-EUL (10 Agasti 2024)
I-Virulent Strain of Monkeypox (MPXV) Sabalale Ngokuthintana Ngocansi (20 Ephreli 2024)
Izinhlobo ze-Monkeypox virus (MPXV) ezinikezwe amagama amasha (12 Agasti 2022)
Ngabe iMonkeypox izohamba ngendlela yeCorona? (I-23 Juni 2022)
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