Kulo nyaka Nobel Umklomelo kuPhysiology noma Medicine Unyaka ka-2023 uklonyeliswe ngokuhlanganyela kuKatalin Karikó kanye no-Drew Weissman "ngokuthola kwabo mayelana nokuguqulwa kwesisekelo se-nucleoside okwenze kwasungulwa imigomo esebenzayo ye-mRNA yokulwa ne-COVID-19".
Bobabili uKatalin Karikó noDrew Weissman baxhumene neNyuvesi yasePennsylvania. Igalelo labo ekusetshenzisweni kobuchwepheshe be-mRNA ngenhloso yokugoma kanye nezinjongo zokwelapha likuguqule ngokuyisisekelo ukuqonda ukuthi i-mRNA isebenzisana kanjani namasosha omzimba futhi yabamba iqhaza elibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwezifo. ukugoma ngokumelene nobhubhane lwe-COVID-19 ngejubane elingakaze libonwe ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nokuphuthuma.
Isenzakalo esibalulekile kwaba ukuqaphela kwabo ukuthi amaseli e-dendritic abona ku-vitro abhala i-mRNA njengento yangaphandle kuyilapho i-mRNA evela kumaseli ezincelisayo ayizange ibangele ukusabela komzimba. Baphenya ukuthi ukungabikho kwezisekelo eziguquliwe ku-in vitro ezibhalwe nge-RNA kungase kubangelwe ukusabela kokuvuvukala okungafunwa futhi bathola ukuthi impendulo yokuvuvukala yaqedwa lapho ukuguqulwa kwesisekelo kufakwa ku-mRNA. Lokhu okutholakele kususe isithiyo esibalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kobuchwepheshe be-mRNA ekuthuthukisweni komgomo kanye nokwelapha futhi kwashicilelwa ngo-2005.
Eminyakeni eyishumi nanhlanu kamuva, isimo esingakaze sibonwe esethulwa ubhubhane lwe-COVID-19 siholele ekuhlolweni komtholampilo osheshayo kanye ne-EUA yemithi yokugomela esebenzayo ye-mRNA ngokumelene ne-COVID-19. Umuthi wokugomela i-mRNA ngokumelene ne-COVID-19 kwaba yingqophamlando kwezesayensi kanye noshintsho kumdlalo imithi.
Manje, ubuchwepheshe be-mRNA buwubuchwepheshe obufakazelwe bokuthuthukiswa kwe ukugomas kanye nokwelapha.
Source:
NobelPrize.org. Ukukhishwa kwabezindaba - The Nobel Umklomelo kuPhysiology noma Medicine 2023. Kuthunyelwe ngomhla ka-2 Okthoba 2023. Itholakala ku- https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2023/press-release/
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