Ucwaningo lwezofuzo olususelwe ku-DNA yasendulo ekhishwe ohlakalweni lwamathambo olushumekwe okhonkolo lwase-Pompeii lwabazisulu zokuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo eNtabeni i-Vesuvius ngo-79 CE luphikisana nezincazelo zendabuko mayelana nobunikazi bezisulu kanye nobudlelwano. Ucwaningo luphinde lubonise ukuthi amaPompeiian ayeyinzalo yabafuduki bakamuva baseMpumalanga yeMedithera okuhambisana necosmopolitanism ebonwa embusweni waseRoma wangaleso sikhathi.
IPompeii kwakuyidolobha lasendulo eliyitheku laseRoma e-Italy. Ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo okukhulu kweNtaba iVesuvius ngo-79 CE kwacekela phansi futhi kwagqiba umuzi ngaphansi komlotha kwabulala izinkulungwane zezakhamuzi zawo. Ukwakheka kanye nezinhlobo zezisulu zalondolozwa ngenxa yokuminyana kwe-pumice lapilli kanye nediphozi yomlotha ovela ekuqhumeni kwentaba-mlilo ezungeze imizimba. Imidwebo yezidumbu yatholwa abacwaningi emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka kamuva ngokugcwalisa imigodi ngokhonkolo. Izinsalela ze-plaster ezidalwe kanjalo zihlanganiswe nezinsalela zamathambo ezakhamuzi zedolobha.
Izifundo zofuzo ezisebenzisa izinsalela zomuntu ezifakwe ku-plaster zabhekana nezinselele ngenxa yobunzima bokuthola kabusha i-DNA yasendulo. Besebenzisa izindlela ezisekelwe ku-PCR, abacwaningi bangathola idatha yofuzo ezindaweni ezimfushane ze-mitochondrial DNA. Ubuchwepheshe obusha buye benza ukuba kukhishwe i-DNA yakudala yekhwalithi ephezulu (i-aDNA) emazinyweni nasemathanjeni amancane.
Ocwaningweni olwanyatheliswa ngomhla ka-7 Novemba 2024, abacwaningi, ngokokuqala ngqa, bakhiqiza i-DNA yasendulo ebanzi yohlobo olubanzi kanye nedatha ye-strontium isotopic ephuma ezinsalela zabantu ezisakhiweni ze-plaster ukuze kubonakale inani labantu basendulo basePompeian. Iziphetho ezivela ekuhlaziyweni kofuzo zitholakala zingqubuzana nokulandisa kwendabuko.
Ngokwesiko, “umuntu omdala ogqoke isongo segolide nengane ethangeni” uhunyushwa ngokuthi “umama nengane”, kanti “abantu ababili abashone begone” kucatshangwa ukuthi odade. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlaziywa kofuzo kwathola ukuthi umuntu omdala esimweni sokuqala ungowesilisa ongahlobene nengane ephikisa incazelo yendabuko kamama nengane. Ngokufanayo, okungenani umuntu oyedwa esimweni sesibili sabantu abangabodwana watholakala engowesilisa wofuzo okuyinto ephikisa ukuchazwa kwendabuko kodade. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi ukubuka okwedlule nokuqagela kwesimanje mayelana nokuziphatha kobulili kungase kungathembeki.
Lolu cwaningo luphinde lwathola ukuthi amaPompeian ayedabuka kakhulu kubafuduki bakamuva abavela empumalanga yeMedithera okuhambisana necosmopolitanism ebonwa embusweni waseRoma wangaleso sikhathi.
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References:
- Pilli E., et al 2024. I-DNA yasendulo inselele ekuchazeni okukhona kwe-Pompeii plaster cast. I-Biology yamanje. Ishicilelwe ngomhla ka-7 Novemba 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2024.10.007
- UMax-Planck-Gesellschaft. Igumbi lezindaba - Ubufakazi be-DNA bubhala kabusha indaba yabantu abangcwatshwe ePompeii. Kuthunyelwe ngomhla ka-7 Novemba 2024. Itholakala e- https://www.mpg.de/23699890/1106-evan-dna-evidence-rewrites-story-of-people-buried-in-pompeii-eruption-150495-x
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Izihloko ezihlobene
- Izinsalela zama-Chromosome Asendulo anesakhiwo se-3D esiqinile se-Extinct Woolly Mammoth (22 July 2024).
- Ucwaningo lwe-aDNA lwembula izinhlelo “zomndeni nokuhlobana” zemiphakathi yangaphambi komlando (I-31 Julayi 2023)
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