NASAImishini yokuqala yokubuyisela isampula ye-asteroid, i-OSIRIS-REx, yethulwa eminyakeni eyisikhombisa edlule ngo-2016 ukuze isondele-Emhlabeni I-asteroid Bennu ilethe isampula ye-asteroid eyaqoqwa ngo-2020 ukuze Emhlabeni ku 24th Septhemba 2023. Ngemva kokukhulula isampula ye-asteroid ku Emhlabeni emkhathini, umkhumbi-mkhathi waqala uhambo lwawo olunwetshiwe oluya e-asteroid Apophis njengomsebenzi we-OSIRIS-APRX. I-asteroid Bennu iyi-asteroid yakudala ene-carbonaceous enamadwala nezintuli kusukela ekuzalweni kwesimiso sonozungezilanga. Ucwaningo lwesampula elibuyisiwe luzocacisa ukuthi kanjani amaplanethi kwakheka nokuthi ukuphila kwaqala kanjani Emhlabeni. Okubaluleke nakakhulu, kunengozi encane yokuthi uBennu abe nomthelela kuyo Emhlabeni ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka elizayo phakathi kweminyaka engu-2175 kanye no-2199. Imiphumela evela kumishini ye-OSIRIS-REx izosiza ekucwebiseni indlela ebikezelwe ye-asteroid Bennu kanye namanye ama-asteroid angaba yingozi ukuze ahlele futhi enze ukunciphisa.
NASAInjongo yokubuyisela isampula ye-asteroid i-OSIRIS-REx ilethe ngempumelelo isampula enesisindo esingamagremu angama-250 ukusuka ku-asteroid Bennu. I-capsule yamatshe nothuli eqoqwe ku-asteroid ngo-2020 yahlala endaweni yase-Utah eduze kwaseSalt Lake City e-USA ngeSonto 24th Septemba 2023.
I-OSIRIS-REx yayingu NASAUmsebenzi wokuqala wokubuyisela isampula ye-asteroid.
NASAUmsebenzi wokuqala wokubuyisela isampula ye-asteroid, i-OSIRIS-REx (isifinyezo se-“Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification and Security – Regolith Explorer”) yethulwa endaweni eseduze-Emhlabeni i-asteroid Bennu ngo-8th Septhemba 2016. Iqoqe isampula yamadwala nothuli ebusweni be-asteroid ngomhlaka-20th Okthoba 2020 futhi waqala uhambo lwayo lokubuyela Emhlabeni ku 10th May 2021. Ihambe iminyaka emibili nengxenye ohambweni lwayo lokubuya ukuze ifike lapho isampula yokubuyisa ikhepsuli ihlukaniswa nomkhumbi-mkhathi futhi ingena emhlabeni. umkhathi. Ngalokhu, umkhumbi-mkhathi waphothula uhambo lweminyaka eyisikhombisa futhi umkhankaso we-OSIRIS-REx, umkhankaso wokuqala wase-US wokuqoqa isampula ku-asteroid, waqedwa. Kodwa uhambo lwemikhumbi-mkhathi luyaqhubeka lubheke e-asteroid Apophis njengomsebenzi we-OSIRIS-APEX ngemuva kokukhulula isampula yokubuya kwe-capsule Emhlabeni umkhathi.
Umugqa wesikhathi we-NASA's OIRIS-REx Mission
| Usuku/Unyaka | Intuthuko |
| Sept. 8, 2016 | Imikhumbi-mkhathi yethuliwe |
| Dec. 3, 2018 | wafika endaweni yasemkhathini uBennu |
| 2019 - 2020 | sesha indawo ephephile yokuqoqa isampula ku-Bennu |
| Okthoba 20, 2020 | Isampuli iqoqiwe |
| Kwangathi 10, 2021 | Iqale uhambo lokubuyela eMhlabeni |
| Septhemba 24, 2023 | I-capsule equkethe amatshe nesampula yothuli eqoqwe ku-asteroid Bennu ekhishelwe emkhathini woMhlaba owahlala eMhlabeni ngokuphephile. I-OSIRIS-REX Mission iqedwe ngalokhu. |
| Septhemba 24, 2023 | Uhambo lomkhumbi-mkhathi luqhubekela kwenye i-Apophis eseduze ne-Earth asteroid kanye nomsebenzi oqanjwe kabusha ngokuthi OSIRIS-APEX |
Itholwe ngoSepthemba 1999 futhi yaqanjwa ngegama lasendulo EGibhithe unkulunkulu, i-asteroid Bennu iyi-Near-Earth i-orbit, i-asteroid yasendulo kucatshangwa ukuthi yakheka eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-4.5 edlule esigabeni sokuqala somlando wesimiso sonozungezilanga. Iwuhlobo lwe-B, i-carbonaceous asteroid enamadwala nothuli kusukela ekuzalweni kwesimiso sonozungezilanga. Ingase futhi ibe nezinto eziqukethe ama-molecule ayekhona lapho ukuphila kuqala kwakheka eMhlabeni. Ama-asteroid acebile engokwemvelo kucatshangwa ukuthi baneqhaza ekusunguleni impilo eMhlabeni. Ucwaningo lwesampula elethwe ku-asteroid Bennu kulindeleke ukuthi kukhanyisele ukuthi kanjani amaplanethi zakhiwa nokuthi ukuphila kwaqala kanjani.
Njengento ye-Nearth Earth (NEO), i-Bennu iyi-asteroid engaba yingozi njengoba ingase ithinte Umhlaba ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka elizayo phakathi kweminyaka engu-2175 no-2199 nakuba amathuba omcimbi onjalo ephansi. Indlela eqondile yama-asteroid ajikelezayo (njenge-Bennu) ngokusebenzisa iplanethi sonozungezilanga ayibikezeleki kangako ngenxa yomphumela we-Yarkovsky (ukushisa indawo engaphezulu emini kanye nokuphola ebusuku kunikeza imisebe engase isebenze njenge-thruster encane ukukhukhula i-asteroid kude. ngokuhamba kwesikhathi). Ukulinganisa kwe-Yarkovsky Effect nge-OSIRIS-REx kuzosiza ukucwenga okubikezelwe i-orbit ye-asteroid Bennu kanye namanye ama-asteroid angaba yingozi nokusiza kuwo ukuzivikela kweplanethi.
Ngaphansi komkhankaso oqanjwe kabusha ngokuthi i-OSIRIS-APEx, umkhumbi-mkhathi manje usuhamba ubheke kwenye i-Apophis yasemkhathini eseduze ne-Earth (engaba ngamafidi angu-1,000 ububanzi) ezosondela eMhlabeni phakathi kwebanga elingamakhilomitha angu-20,000 ngo-2029. Ngaleso sikhathi, umkhumbi-mkhathi uzongena i-orbit kwe-Apophis ukuze kuphenywe ukuthi “ukusondela eMhlabeni” kumthinte kanjani i-orbit, izinga lokujikeleza, nendawo. Lolu lwazi luzosiza ekubhekaneni "nokusondela kwe-asteroid Bennu" ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka elizayo.
***
Imithombo:
- Isampula Lokuqala Le-Asteroid Le-NASA Lifikile, Manje Livikelekile Egunjini Elihlanzekile. Ishicilelwe Sep 24, 2023. Itholakala e- https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-s-first-asteroid-sample-has-landed-now-secure-in-clean-room . Kufinyelelwe ngomhla ka-25 Septhemba 2023.
- I-OSIRIS-REx Mission. Itholakala ngo https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/osiris-rex/about https://www.nasa.gov/content/osiris-rex-mission-operations Kufinyelelwe ngomhla ka-25 Septhemba 2023.
- I-OSIRIS-REx I-Spacecraft Isuka Iya Emishini Entsha. Itholakala ngo https://blogs.nasa.gov/osiris-rex/2023/09/24/osiris-rex-spacecraft-departs-for-new-mission/ Kufinyelelwe ngomhla ka-25 Septhemba 2023.
- Izinto Eziyishumi Okufanele Uzazi NgoBennu. Itholakala ngo https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2020/bennu-top-ten Kufinyelelwe ngomhla ka-25 Septhemba 2023.
- I-Asteroid kanye ne-Comet Watch. Itholakala ngo https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/asteroids/overview/index.html Kufinyelelwe ngomhla ka-25 Septhemba 2023.
***
