Amabhethri e-lithium-ion ezimoto zikagesi (EVs) abhekana nezinkinga zokuphepha nokuzinza ngenxa yokushisa ngokweqile kwezihlukanisi, amasekhethi amafushane kanye nokusebenza kahle okunciphile. Ngenhloso yokunciphisa lokhu kushiyeka, abacwaningi basebenzisa indlela ye-graft polymerization futhi bathuthukisa izihlukanisi ezinezingqimba ze-silica nanoparticles eziqinile futhi ezihlala isikhathi eside. Amabhethri analezi zihlukanisi aphephe kakhudlwana futhi abonisa ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe. Le ntuthuko ingaba nomthelela ekwamukelweni kwama-EVs ngasembonini yezokuthutha yokususa ikhabhoni.
I-Lithium-ion eshajwa kabusha Amabhethri (noma amabhethri e-Li-ion noma ama-LIB) adume kakhulu futhi atholakala yonke indawo kule minyaka engamashumi amathathu edlule. Ngenxa yokuminyana kwamandla aphezulu, isisindo esilula nokushajwa kabusha, lezi zisetshenziswa kakhulu kumakhalekhukhwini, amakhompyutha aphathekayo, izinto ezilalelwayo nezibonwayo, ukugcinwa kwamandla kanye nezimoto zikagesi (ama-EV) futhi seziyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwansuku zonke. Ama-LIB anobungani bemvelo, ahlinzeka ngesitoreji samandla ahlanzekile futhi anikele kuwo i-decarbonising umnotho.
Nokho, lithium-ion Amabhethri bhekana nengozi yokuphepha yezimoto zikagesi (EVs) kanye nezinhlelo zokugcina amandla ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokushisa ngokweqile kwezihlukanisi ze-polyolefin. Izihlukanisi zivimbela ukuthintana okuqondile phakathi kwe-cathode ne-anode, kodwa ziyancibilika lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka libe ngu-160 °C ngenxa yokushisa ngokweqile. Ngenxa yalokho, i-anode ne-cathode ingase ixhumane ngokuqondile ngokwakhiwa kwama-Li dendrites ngakho-ke ama-circuits angaphakathi afushane kanye nokumuncwa okunganele kwama-electrolyte kanye nokusebenza kahle okuncishisiwe.
Kube khona imizamo yokubhekana nalokhu kushiyeka. Ukusebenzisa isembozo se-ceramic kwakucatshangwa kodwa kwatholakala kungafaneleki ngoba kwandisa ukushuba kwezihlukanisi nokunciphisa ukunamathela.
Ocwaningweni lwakamuva, abacwaningi i-Incheon National University basebenzise inqubo ye-graft polymerization ukuze banamathisele ungqimba olufanayo lwe-silicon dioxide (SiO2) ama-nanoparticles kuya kuma-polypropylene (PP) abahlukanisi. Ngakho-ke izihlukanisi zishintshe nge-coating ye-SiO2 ye-200 nm ukujiya ikwazi ukumelana nokushisa kanye nokwakheka kwe-dendrite ecindezelwe ngenkathi igcina umthamo wokugcina amandla. Lokhu kuphakamisa ukuthi isihlukanisi esisekelwe ku-polypropylene (PPS) samabhethri e-Li-ion singathuthukiswa ukuze kuncishiswe amasekhethi amafushane angaphakathi nokwenza ibhethri liphephe futhi lisebenze kahle.
Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kufanelekile futhi kuyathembisa ama-LIB ezimotweni zikagesi (EVs) kanye nezinhlelo zokugcina amandla. Uma esethengisiwe, ama-LIB athuthukisiwe anokuphepha okungcono nokusebenza kahle angasiza ekuthathweni kwezimoto zikagesi ezilungele imvelo.
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References:
- I-Manthiram, A. Ukuboniswa kwekhemistri ye-cathode yebhethri ye-lithium-ion. I-Nat Commun 11, 1550 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15355-0
- Park J., et al 2024. Izihlukanisi ezinezingqimba ze-SiO2 ze-nanoparticle ezinoqweqwe oluphakeme kakhulu ngesu elingaphezulu le-multi-functionalization lamabhethri e-Li-metal: Ukumelana ne-Li-dendrite okuthuthukiswe kakhulu kanye nezakhiwo ezishisayo. Izinto Zokugcina Amandla. Umqulu 65, February 2024, 103135. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2023.103135
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