Ucwaningo lwakamuva ku plastic ukungcola okungaphezu kwezinga le-micron kuhlonze ngokusobala futhi kukhonjwe ama-nanoplastics kumasampula empilo yangempela yamabhodlela amanzi. Kwatholakala ukuthi ukuchayeka ku-micro-nano amapulasitiki kusuka emabhodleleni ajwayelekile amanzi kububanzi be 105 izinhlayiya ilitha. I-micro-nano amapulasitiki ukugxila kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe ku-2.4 ± 1.3 × 105 izinhlayiya ilitha ngalinye lebhodlela amanzi, cishe amaphesenti angu-90 awo ayengama-nanoplastic. I-Nanoplastics, ubukhulu bayo buyibanga le- 10 -9 imitha, mancane ngokwanele ukuwela kalula ngisho nobuchopho begazi umgoqo kanye nesithiyo se-placenta futhi singaba nemiphumela efinyelela kude empilweni yomuntu.
Ocwaningweni olwenziwa ngo-2018, abacwaningi baphenye izinhlobo ezitholakala emhlabeni wonke zamabhodlela amanzi ukungcoliswa kwe-microplastic kusetshenziswa ukumaka i-Nile Red. Bathole isilinganiso sezinhlayiya ze-microplastic ezingu-10.4 ezingaphezu kuka-100 µm (i-micron engu-1 noma i-micrometer = 1 µm = 10⁻⁶ imitha) ngosayizi ilitha ngalinye lebhodlela. amanzi. Izinhlayiya ezincane kuno-100 µm azikwazanga ukuqinisekiswa ukuthi zinjalo plastic ngenxa yomkhawulo wokuhlaziywa kwe-spectroscopic nokho i-adsorption kadayi ikhombisile kanjalo. Izinhlayiya ezincane kangako (kusayizi 6.5µm –100 µm) ngokwesilinganiso, bezingu-325 ngenombolo ilitha ngalinye lebhodlela. amanzi.
Abacwaningi manje sebewunqobile umkhawulo wobuchwepheshe wokuhlaziywa kwe-spectroscopic ocwaningweni lwezinhlayiya ezincane kuno-100 µm. Ocwaningweni lwakamuva, babika ukuthuthukiswa kwendlela yokucabanga enamandla enamandla nge-algorithm yokuhlonza ezenzakalelayo ekwazi ukuhlonza iphinde ihlaziye izinhlayiya zepulasitiki kububanzi besayizi ye-nano (1 nanometer = 1 nm = 10-9 imitha). Ukufunda ngamabhodlela amanzi kusetshenziswa indlela esanda kuthuthukiswa eyembulwe ilitha ngalinye lebhodlela amanzi cishe 2.4 ± 1.3 × 105 izinhlayiya zepulasitiki, ezingaba ngu-90% zazo ziyi-nanoplastics. Lokhu kungaphezulu kakhulu kwe-microplastic ebikwe ocwaningweni lwangaphambilini.
Lolu cwaningo alugcini nje ngokungeza kusisekelo solwazi lokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki kodwa luphakamisa ukuthi ukuhlukaniswa kwamapulasitiki kuqhubekela phambili ezingeni le-nano kusuka ezingeni elincane. Kuleli zinga, amapulasitiki ingawela imigoqo yezinto eziphilayo ezifana nesithiyo segazi nobuchopho kanye ne-placenta futhi ingene ezinhlelweni zebhayoloji okuyimbangela yokukhathazeka ngempilo yomuntu.
Ubufakazi ngobuthi obungaba khona be-nanoplastics kanye nokulimala empilweni yomuntu bukhawulelwe kodwa kunezinkomba mayelana nokubandakanyeka kwabo ekucindezelekeni ngokomzimba kanye nokulimala, i-apoptosis, i-necrosis, ukuvuvukala, ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative kanye nezimpendulo zokuzivikela komzimba.
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References:
1. I-Mason SA, i-Welch VG ne-Neratko J. 2018. I-Synthetic Polymer Contamination in Bottled Water. Imingcele kuKhemistry. Ishicilelwe 11 September 2018. Sec. I-Analytical Chemistry Volume 6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2018.00407
2. Qian N., et al 2024. Ukuthwebula kwekhemikhali okusheshayo kwezinhlayiyana eyodwa kwe-nanoplastics nge-SRS microscopy. Kushicilelwe 8 January 2024. PNAS. 121 (3) e2300582121. I-DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2300582121
3. Yee MS et al 2021. Umthelela weMicroplastics neNanoplastics Empilweni Yomuntu. I-Nanomatadium. Umqulu 11. Inkinga 2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11020496
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