Ubude i-solar ukusitheka kwelanga kuzobonwa ezwenikazi laseNyakatho Melika ngoMsombuluko 8th April 2024. Kusukela e-Mexico, izonqamula i-United States isuka eTexas iye eMaine, iphele ogwini lwase-Canada lwase-Atlantic.
E-USA, kuyilapho ingxenye i-solar ukusitheka kwelanga kuzobonakala ezweni lonke, ingqikithi i-solar ukusitheka kwelanga kuzoqala ngo-1:27 pm CDT e-Eagle Pass, e-Texas, kusikwe ngokudayela ezweni lonke futhi kuphele cishe ngo-3:33 pm EDT e-Lee, Maine.
Indlela ephelele izoba ngamamayela angu-115 ububanzi ihlanganisa isifunda esihlalwa abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-30.
Ubude i-solar ukusitheka kwelanga kwenzeka lapho iNyanga ifika phakathi koMhlaba neLanga ifihla iLanga ngokuphelele ukuze lingabonwa eMhlabeni. Kungumcimbi obalulekile wezinkanyezi kososayensi nabacwaningi ngezizathu ezimbalwa.
I-Corona, ingxenye engaphandle kakhulu yomkhathi weLanga, ingabonakala eMhlabeni kuphela ngesikhathi sengqikithi i-solar ukusitheka kwelanga yingakho izenzakalo ezinjalo zinikeza abacwaningi ithuba lokufunda. Ngokungafani ne-photosphere, ungqimba olubonakalayo lweLanga izinga lokushisa kwalo licishe libe ngu-6000 K, umkhathi we-corona ongaphandle ushiselwa kufika ezigidini zamadigri u-Kelvin. Ukusakazwa kwezinhlayiya ezishajwa ngogesi ziphuma ku-corona ziye isikhala kuzo zonke izinhlangothi (ebizwa i-solar umoya) bese ugeza konke amaplanethi ku i-solar uhlelo kuhlanganise noMhlaba. Ibeka engcupheni impilo kanye nobuchwepheshe bukagesi obusekelwe emphakathini wesimanje wabantu okuhlanganisa amasathelayithi, osomkhathi, ukuhamba, ukuxhumana, ukuhamba emoyeni, amagridi kagesi kagesi. Amandla kazibuthe omhlaba anikeza isivikelo kokungenayo i-solar umoya ngokuzisusa. Okukhulu i-solar izehlakalo ezinjengokukhishwa okukhulu kwe-plasma egcwele ugesi ku-corona kudala ukuphazamiseka emoyeni welanga. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukufunda nge-corona, umoya welanga neziphazamiso ezimeni zayo.
Ukufiphala kwelanga okuphelele kunikeza ithuba lokuhlola nezinkolelo-mbono zesayensi. Isibonelo esisodwa sakudala ukubonwa kwelensi yamandla adonsela phansi (okungukuthi, ukugoba kwe inkanyezi ukukhanya ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi ezinto ezinkulu zasemkhathini) phakathi nokusitheka kwelanga okuphelele kwango-1919 eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule okwaqinisekisa ukuhlobana okujwayelekile kuka-Einstein.
Isibhakabhaka sishintshe ngokushesha ngenxa yokuthengiswa kwe-Low Earth Ama-Orbits (LEO). Njengoba kunikezwe cishe amasathelayithi ayi-10,000 ku- i-orbit manje, ingabe lokhu kufiphala kwelanga okuphelele kungabonisa isibhakabhaka esigcwele amasathelayithi? Ucwaningo lwakamuva lokulingisa luphakamisa ukuthi ukukhanya kwesibhakabhaka okuphezulu ngesikhathi sengqikithi kuzokwenza amasathelayithi agqame kakhulu angabonakali ngeso lenyama kodwa ukukhanya okuvela ezintweni zokwenziwa i-orbit bekusabonakala.
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References:
- NASA. 2024 Ingqikithi ye-Eclipse. Itholakala ngo https://science.nasa.gov/eclipses/future-eclipses/eclipse-2024/
- I-National Solar Observatory (NSO). Ingqikithi Yokusitheka Kwelanga - Ephreli 8, 2024. Itholakala ekhelini elithi https://nso.edu/eclipse2024/
- I-Cervantes-Cota JL, i-Galindo-Uribarri S., ne-Smoot GF, 2020. Ifa le-Einstein's Eclipse, i-Gravitational Lensing. I-Universe 2020, 6(1), 9; I-DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/universe6010009
- I-Lawler SM, Rein H., kanye ne-Boley AC, 2024. Ukubonakala Kwesathelayithi Phakathi Ne-April 2024 Total Eclipse. Shicilela ngaphambili ku-axRiv. I-DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2403.19722
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